A hamlet, with a railway station, of North Lanarkshire, Hartwood is located a half-mile (1 km) north of Allanton and 1¼ miles (2 km) southwest of Shotts. The station opened in 1869 on the Caledonian Railway line between Glasgow Central and Edinburgh. The Lanark District Asylum was built immediately to the northwest in the 1890s and became the largest psychiatric hospital in Scotland, latterly known as Hartwood Hospital. Closed in 1998 the site was offered for sale in 2004. Hartwoodhill Hospital, which was developed to the east, close to Shotts, remains.
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