Musselburgh


East Lothian

River Esk at Musselburgh
©2022 Gazetteer for Scotland

River Esk at Musselburgh

Located 6 miles (10 km) east of Edinburgh and straddling the River Esk. The area has a long history beginning with a Roman fort at Inveresk and later the town itself, first named Eskmouth and later Musselburgh for the mussel bank at the mouth of the Esk. Its nickname is 'the honest toun'. The town, with its shrines to Our Lady of Loretto and St Mary Magdalen, was given to the abbey of Dunfermline by David I.

It was created a burgh of barony (1315-28) and later became a burgh of regality (1562); in 1632 it attempted to become a royal burgh but this was blocked by Edinburgh burgesses who wanted to control the area's trade. Rivalry between the two towns is evident in the old rhyme, "Musselburgh was a burgh when Edinburgh was nane / And Musselburgh will be a burgh when Edinburgh has gane"

Although Musselburgh was always a burgh of Midlothian, it was detached in the local government reorganisation of 1975 to increase the population of East Lothian. This situation persisted through the further reorganisation of 1996. Originally a fishing town, Musselburgh later made textiles, paper, fishing nets and wire; today it is a dormitory and market town.

There are several sights and buildings, including The Links at the east end, where horse races have taken place since 1816 and where King James IV supposedly played golf in 1504. Loretto School (18th/19th-centuries) was named for the now-ruined 16th-century chapel and hermitage of Our Lady of Loretto which was visited by James V in 1536 and served as a hospital following the Battle of Pinkie in 1547. After its destruction in the Reformation its rubble was used to build the Musselburgh Tolbooth (1590). Pinkie House, where Bonnie Prince Charlie stayed, now forms part of Loretto School. Musselburgh Museum lies next to the Old Town Hall, while the strikingly modernist Brunton Theatre opened it in 1971. The Institute of Seaweed Research, located at nearby Inveresk, gave way to Inveresk Research International, which is now based in Tranent.

There is one 18-hole golf course at Monktonhall, and a monument to Dr. D.M. Moir, the 19th-century poet and novelist. The former Hayweights Cinema (1935) on Bridge Street is now a public house and restaurant named the David Macbeth Moir. Other notables born in Musselburgh were Admiral Sir David Milne (1763 - 1845), inventor James Paterson (1770 - 1840), Rear Admiral Robert Aitchison (1795 - 1861), sculptor Alexander Handyside Ritchie (1804-70), comedienne Rhona Cameron (b.1965), along with the Dunn and Park families of golfers and golfing equipment manufacturers.


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